Background: Undoubtedly, human beings have different Moral characteristics in terms of individual values ​ ​ that shape their behavior. So that the ethical or non-ethical behavior of individuals can lead to positive and negative consequences at the organizational level. The main purpose of this article is to identify the impact of Moral potency on the green behavior of employees in the organization. Method: The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical population is all managers and employees to the Red Crescent of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, consisting of 160 people and due to the limited statistical population, the counting method has been used. A questionnaire was used to collect information. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed by using Friedman ranking test through SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 2. 0 software. Results: Findings indicate that ethical power with components of ethical ownership, ethical efficiency and ethical courage has a positive and significant effect on employees' green behavior with components of sustainable action, avoidance of harm, care, influence on others and initiative. The ranking results also show that with a 95% probability, there is a significant difference in the priority of the components of Moral power. Conclusion: Ethical strength is an important and influential factor in the green behavior of employees. Ethical strength is an important and influential factor in the green behavior of employees. The following is suggested to develop the Morale of employees; Holding ethical discourse sessions to learn about ethical problems, using ethical reasoning training techniques through case analysis, applying a reward system to encourage employees to engage in ethical behaviors such as responsibility, and employee participation in the organization's future goals.

2The prevalence of academic cheating in educational centers and institutions leads to inefficiency and incapacity of graduates. Accordingly, the current study aimed to design a structural model for academic cheating in medical students based on Moral metacognition, Moral identity, and Moral potency. This correlational study was done using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included the students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2022, and 350 students were selected for the study using simple random sampling method. Data were collected through the Academic Cheating Scale (ACS) (Parks-Leduc, Guay and Mulligan, 2022), Moral Metacognition Scale (McMahon and Good, 2016), Moral Identity Questionnaire (MIQ) (Black & Reynolds, 2016), and Moral potency Questionnaire (Hannah and Avolio, 2010). Data were analyzed using Bootstrap, Sobel, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient tests via SPSS and AMOS, version 24. The results indicated that the direct effect of Moral potency (-0.34), Moral identity (-0.25), and Moral metacognition (-0.29) was significant on estimating academic cheating in students. The indirect effect of Moral identity (-1.97) and Moral metacognition (-2.06) with the mediating role of Moral potency on students’ academic cheating was significant. Considering the mediating effect of Moral potency in the academic cheating model, it seems that Moral potency plays a role in increasing the effects of Moral metacognition and Moral identity on reducing academic cheating.

Introduction: Ethical living is a lifestyle in which all areas of human existence and work are formed and flow around ethics. That is, a person who wants to live Morally, in all areas, tries to know the ethical considerations related to that area and follow them in practice and live according to them. The current article is research on the Moral system of Thomas Aquinas with a focus on examining the nature of the Moral goal of human life and the Moral rationality of such a life. Material and Methods: The present review study examined bioethics from the perspective of Thomas Aquinas in a descriptive manner. In order to achieve this goal, articles related to research keywords from Thomson Information Institute, Science Direct and Pub Med were examined and books related to the views of Thomas Aquinas were studied. Conclusion: The results of this study show that according to Thomas Aquinas's view on man, becoming like God and realizing God's image in material life and seeing God in the hereafter is the Moral goal and eternal happiness of man. Also, Thomas Aquinas believes in the Moral rationality of such a life from both perspectives-having a reason to live Morally and the usefulness of such a life.

This article introduces, analyzes, and criticizes the work of Lawrence M. Hinman, Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Hinman is a Philosopher of Ethics in the multimedia learning. He believes that multiculturalism is important factor of nowadays so the most important responsibility of philosophers of Ethics is prevention of Moral conflict. The global communication and information in 21st century needs global tolerance and respect of various nations, cultures, and Moralities together because different people and societies have a common human nature and common natural rights that obligate to justice and Moral relationship between different people and various societies’ beliefs throughout the world. Moral communication in multiculturalism approach is against racial, gender, national, and ethnic prejudice. Hinman believes in Moral dialogue and global learning across different cultures. The book of Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory has a proper category of new ethical problems, and the candid standpoint of author is considerable. He has a logical method, and in the end of every part of book there are some questions for evaluation of students learning. So this book is proper for the philosophy of ethics in universities.

Introduction: Alternative punishments of imprisonment, which are called as a new approach of the penal system to fight against the negative consequences of prison, have many effects and consequences that need to be investigated. Therefore, in this study, while examining the types of alternative punishments, the Moral and social effects of the implementation of these punishments have been explored. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted using an analytical-descriptive method. In this study, in order to provide an appropriate answer to the question presented, by referring to the theoretical bases (books) and articles published in the ISC, Magiran, Civilica, SID and Ensani in the years 2011 to 2023 and with the method of extracting the existing legal provisions, the effectiveness of this type of punishment was also criticized in reaching the intended goals. Conclusion: The results of this study show that with the implementation of such punishments, the level of public trust, the growth of Morals and social capital in the society will also improve. Therefore, the implementation of these punishments, while reducing the criminal population of prisoners and reforming them, provides better implementation of social justice and improvement of public trust, emotional and financial support for the families of criminals

Merger and Acquisitions (M&A) positions can be found in the area of organization management and strategic management. Merge and acquisitions manifest organizational strategies, managerial and financial, In relation to buying, selling and combining in organization. Hence, the present study aimed and was performed to investigate which factors are tangible in intention to merge and acquisitions among agricultural cooperatives. This research conducted as a descriptive correlation method and survey method was used to collect the required data. Sample of managers of agricultural cooperatives from western provinces, using the table as farmers and Morgan finally 157 were selected. The research instrument was a questionnaire that was designed to measure promoter variables. Its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. In order to check its reliability Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used that 0/8 indicating the satisfied reliability. The structural equation modeling technique was used for data processing. The results showed that agricultural cooperatives due to lack of technical and human capacity and consequent loss of competitiveness are strongly inclined to merge and acquisition. Increased competition and the increasing need to control the supply chain, as well as other important areas of agricultural cooperatives in providing incentives for the merger and acquisition are important.

Introduction: Ethical leadership is leadership focused on appropriate behavior through respect for ethics and values, as well as the rights and dignity of others. Ethical leadership can add value to businesses by motivating employees and fulfilling company values. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the relationship between ethical leadership and cooperative social responsibility and the Moral climate of the organization. Material & Methods: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research included all employees of Management and Science University (MSU) in Malaysia. Among them, 200 people were selected as the research sample using a simple random sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling method. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that ethical leadership has a direct and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility and ethical climate. Also, Moral climate has a direct and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility. At the same time, ethical leadership has an indirect and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility through the mediation of ethical climate. Conclusion: Ethical leadership can affect their social responsibility by inspiring employees to motivate and align with the company's values. The results of this research showed that ethical leadership leads to greater employee satisfaction and collaborative responsibility and leads to the formation of an ethical atmosphere in the organization

Introduction: Social responsibility from an ethical point of view includes the obligations and duties of natural and legal persons towards society and the environment. The Moral behavior of people, like understanding of social responsibility, depends on their liberal ideology, beliefs and human values. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to study the relationship between liberalism and human values with the Moral understanding of social responsibility. Material & Methods: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational survey. The statistical population includes the financial managers of the companies admitted to the stock exchange, and the questionnaire was randomly distributed among them and 110 questionnaires were received. The sampling method is random. The research tool is a questionnaire and multivariate regression using SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Results: The research results show that human values based on public interest have a significant and positive relationship with the Moral understanding of social responsibility. But the thinking of liberalism does not have a meaningful relationship with the Moral understanding of social responsibility. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, human values based on public interest can be considered as a tool to strengthen the Moral behavior of company managers regarding corporate social responsibility. Also, improving the thinking of liberalism in managers can strengthen their social responsibility. In this case, the policy makers of Stock Exchange can direct the managers of the listed companies to comply more with the social responsibility of the company, through teaching human values and strengthening those values, as well as monitoring the implementation of ethical regulations